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Italian ironclad Sardegna
''Sardegna'' was the third of three ironclad battleships built for the Italian ''Regia Marina'' (Royal Navy). The ship, named for the island of Sardinia, was laid down in La Spezia in October 1885, launched in September 1890, and completed in February 1895. She was armed with a main battery of four guns and had a top speed of —albeit at the cost of armor protection–and she was one of the first warships to be equipped with a wireless telegraph.
''Sardegna'' spent the first decade of her career in the Active Squadron of the Italian fleet. Thereafter, she was transferred to the Reserve Squadron, and by 1911, she was part of the Training Division. She took part in the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12, where she escorted convoys to North Africa and supported Italian forces ashore by bombarding Ottoman troops. During World War I, ''Sardegna'' served as the flagship of the naval forces defending Venice against a possible attack from the Austro-Hungarian Navy, which did not materialize. After the city became threatened following the Battle of Caporetto in November 1917, the ship was withdrawn to Brindisi and later Taranto, where she continued to serve as a guard ship. She took part in Allied operations in Turkey in 1919–22, and after returning to Italy in 1923, she was broken up for scrap.
==Design==
(詳細はlong overall; she had a beam of and an average draft of . She displaced normally and up to at full load. Her propulsion system consisted of a pair of triple-expansion steam engines, each driving a single screw propeller, with steam supplied by eighteen coal-fired, cylindrical fire-tube boilers. She was the first Italian warship to be equipped with triple expansion engines. Her propulsion system produced a top speed of at . Specific figures for her cruising radius have not survived, but the ships of her class could steam for at a speed of . She had a crew of 794 officers and men. ''Sardegna'' was one of the first warships equipped with Marconi's new wireless telegraph.〔Gardiner, p. 342〕
''Sardegna'' was armed with a main battery of four 30-caliber guns, mounted in two twin-gun turrets, one on either end of the ship. She carried a secondary battery of eight 40-cal. guns placed singly in shielded mounts atop the upper deck, with four on each broadside. Close-range defense against torpedo boats was provided by a battery of sixteen guns in casemates in the upper deck, eight on each broadside. These were supported by twenty 43-cal. guns and ten guns. As was customary for capital ships of the period, she carried five torpedo tubes in above-water launchers. The ship was lightly armored for her size. She was protected by belt armor that was thick, an armored deck that was thick, and her conning tower was armored with of steel plate. The turrets had 4 in thick faces and the supporting barbettes had thick steel.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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